The System Dll Kernel32.dll Was Relocated In Memory Windows Xp ((HOT))

The System Dll Kernel32.dll Was Relocated In Memory Windows Xp ((HOT))

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I tried to write a peloader.I first load the executable image and all it's dependent dlls(include kernel32.dll and ntdll.dll) into memory, process all import address table, rewrite all data which need relocation.

I know the windows system already load ntdll.dll and kernel32.dll into process memory when the process is created.My question is how can I load another copy of ntdll.dll and kernel32.dll into memory, and link my module to the copy ones.

It works by accident. It is a very common accident, Microsoft makes a great deal of effort to ensure that the operating system DLLs, like kernel32.dll, have a base address that doesn't conflict with any other DLLs. Further enhanced by kernel32.dll getting loaded very early at process initialization so low odds that it has to fight to get its preferred base address.

You'll get away with easily. It is notable that this has gone wrong in the past, there was an XP security update oops that caused gdi32.dll to get relocated and made lots of machines fall over at boot. The correct way is fairly painful, CreateToolhelp32Snapshot() + Module32First/Next() to find the relocation offset isn't great joy. Frankly, you probably ought to not do this at all if the operating system is "weird" like that.

Theoretically you can make the injector, the malicious program that attempts to inject your program, fail if you link some kernel32.lib that doesn't load kernel32.dll's LoadLibrary procedure into the memory of your program.

I once ported similar program ( from sco unix/hpux era). I mapped known file to some address ( some where predetermined) and relocated the pointers there. Then saved the file as as strem to the original file ( the relocation address as stream name, relocation was expensive operation). Loading process mapped one of those streams to correct address and if failed create new stream. Maximum 4 streams was ever generated ( in windows xp era). One could also disable ASLR for relevant processes, that might help.

By the time this change to WinSrv and Ctrl-C processing was made, though, the application compatibility impact of removing the kernel32 base address to be the same system-wide would have been too severe to eliminate the restriction (virtually all third party code injection code now relies heavily on this assumption). Thus, for this (and other) reasons, kernel32 still remains with the restriction that it may not be relocated to a different base address cross-process.

The documented functions from the Windows API are stored in kernel32.dll, advapi32.dll, gdi32.dll and others. The base services (like working with file systems, processes, devices, etc.) are provided by kernel32.dll.

[0x04] I took inspiration from this blog, that has great illustration, but uses the older technique with InInitializationOrderModuleList (which still works for ntdll.dll, but not for kernel32.dll) -playground.dk/2012/06/understanding-windows-shellcode.html

DEP first saw widespread adoption in the Windows world with the advent of Windows XP SP2 in 2004 and has since become a ubiquitous characteristic of virtually every modern application and operating system in use today. It is enforced through the use of a special bit in the PTE header of memory pages on the hardware layer (the NX aka Non-eXecutable bit) which is set by default on all newly allocated memory in Windows. This means that executable memory must be explicitly created, either by allocating new memory with executable permissions through an API such as KERNEL32.DLL!VirtualAlloc or by modifying existing non-executable memory to be executable through use of an API such as KERNEL32.DLL!VirtualProtect. An implicit side-effect of this, is that the stack and heap will both be non-executable by default, meaning that we cannot directly execute shellcode from these locations and must first carve out an executable enclave for it.

If the value of the Base Relocation Directory Size field is 0x3FFFFFFE or larger, then OllyDbg will write the relocated values to unallocated heap memory. On certain platforms, this can result in the execution of arbitrary code. The mitigating factor for the relocation table problem is the fact that it requires a file in excess of one gigabyte in size, because OllyDbg reads the relocation data directly from the file.

At some point, X.dll has to ask the operating system what the current time is. Windows provides the functionsGetSystemTime, GetSystemTimeAsFileTime and GetLocalTime for this purpose. If we werelucky, we would find a direct call to one of these functions in X.dll. If we were unlucky, X would descramblethe desired function name at run time (so that you couldn't find the name in the binary) and dynamically link to kernel32.dllin order to call the function.

(This reference is stored so the OS loader can fix up addresses when the DLL is loaded. Because DLLs can be loaded at different addresses in memory (and becausekernel32.dll is different in different versions of Windows), the actual location ofthe GetLocalTime function can't be hardcoded in X.dll. Instead, a relocation table is used.The relocation table basically looks like this (well, in pseudo-code):

The DLL's compiled code calls the GetLocalTimeStub stub function instead of the real kernel32.dll function.At load time, the OS walks the relocation table and fills in the actual address of the functions in other DLLs. Since thoseDLLs have already been loaded into memory, the real addresses of the functions are known.)I suddenly realised that I didn't know how to read relocation tables. I wanted to put a breakpoint onGetLocalTimeStub so that I could debug the program at the point where it called this function, but I didn'tknow where this function was located in X.dll. However, Dependency Walker told me thatGetLocalTime is located at an offset of 0x15A68 in kernel32.dll. Combine that withProcess Explorer telling me that LDLS.exeloaded kernel32.dll at 0x77E60000 and we know that the code for GetLocalTime is located at0x77E75A68.

· fixed: sending 32bit IPC from system to user failed · fixed: sending IPC from RuntimeBroker.exe could fail · fixed: ProcessIdToFileName sometimes missed full path · fixed: memory leak in ProcessIdToFileName · [driver] fixed: potential stack overflow · [driver] fixed: authenticode check sometimes incorrectly failed · [driver] fixed: couldn't verify drv certificate in system32 folder · [driver] some tweaks to make Microsoft HLK happy

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